Normalize the record
Use consistent definitions for failure, interruption, defect and service impact.
Look for recurrence
Repeated failures at similar ages, environments or component types can signal a pattern worth deeper review.
Include near misses and temporary fixes
They may reveal demand that formal failure statistics miss.
Avoid hindsight bias
The fact that an asset failed does not mean the outcome was obvious beforehand.
Scope. This page explains asset-management concepts, not operating procedures for critical infrastructure. Inspection methods, intervention thresholds and safety decisions must follow the asset owner’s standards, local rules and qualified professional judgement.